Introduction to Pneumatic Components—Are You Familiar with All of These?
Release time:
2019-05-29
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Everyone knows that pneumatic components have extremely wide-ranging applications. Currently, in China, pneumatic and hydraulic components have gradually become standardized, normalized, and serialized. In recent years, pneumatic technology has been widely adopted in industries such as machinery, chemical engineering, electronics, electrical equipment, textiles, food processing, packaging, printing, light industry, and automotive—particularly in various automated consumer devices and production lines. This has greatly enhanced manufacturing efficiency and product quality, drawing significant attention from industrial sectors worldwide. As a result, the pneumatic industry has become one of the fastest-growing sectors in industrialized nations.
In the previous article, we introduced the unidirectional throttle valve. Actually, throttle valves are also classified as pneumatic components. Besides this one, what other commonly used pneumatic component products are there? Next, the editor will introduce ten frequently used pneumatic components to you.
1. Check valve with one-way flow restriction: When the inlet port P1 is pressurized, rotating the adjustment knob allows you to control the airflow at outlet port P2.
One-way throttle valve
2. Manual directional control valve: The L-shaped connector is used to connect the air line ports. When the P port supplies air, the manual switch can be operated to control the inflow and outflow of air at ports A and B. During circuit switching, air is exhausted through the exhaust port.
Manual directional control valve
3. Pressure gauge: By connecting this component to a specific node in the circuit, you can detect the air pressure at that point, primarily used for monitoring node air pressure.
Pressure gauge
4. Pressure Regulator: The gas pressure regulator is a lever-type, differential-pressure feedback-controlled device. The gas in the cylinder is in liquid form and at too high a pressure; therefore, it must be reduced to a suitable pressure before it can be fed into the stove for combustion. If the gas pressure regulator breaks down, it must be replaced with a new one. Consequence 1: No gas will flow out. Consequence 2: The pressure will not be reduced. Failure to reduce the pressure can easily cause the rubber hose to come loose, leading to gas leakage with potentially disastrous consequences. The pressure-reducing principle is as follows: The high-pressure medium flows through a small orifice into a relatively larger chamber, thereby achieving pressure reduction—essentially by throttling and reducing pressure. On one side of the diaphragm or piston is the outlet chamber, while the other side is subjected to an externally applied pressure. The valve stem, which controls the size of the orifice, is connected to the diaphragm (or piston).
Control valve
5. Photoelectric Sensor: A photoelectric sensor is a device that converts optical signals into electrical signals. Its operating principle is based on the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon in which, when light shines on certain materials, the electrons in those materials absorb the energy of photons and thereby produce corresponding electrical effects.
Photoelectric sensor
6. Single-acting cylinder: This is one of the most common types of cylinders. It can be categorized into spring-return and externally force-return types. Pneumatic actuators are mainly divided into linear reciprocating, oscillating, and continuous rotary types.
Single-acting cylinder
7. Double-acting cylinder: Air is supplied alternately from both sides of the piston, generating force in one or both directions.
8. Capacitive Sensor: A capacitive sensor is a type of sensor that converts changes in the measured quantity (such as dimension or pressure) into changes in capacitance. In fact, the sensor itself (or together with the object being measured) functions as a variable capacitor.
Capacitive sensor
9. Pneumatic-to-electrical converter: The pneumatic-to-electrical converter transforms the dimensional changes detected by the pneumatic measuring head into a continuously varying voltage signal. When used in conjunction with a dedicated electrical control box or an industrial control computer, it enables non-contact, automated, and integrated measurement.
Gas-to-electric converter
10. Emergency stop switch: The emergency stop switch is a type of main control electrical device. When the machine is in a hazardous condition, the emergency stop switch cuts off the power supply, bringing the equipment to a halt and thereby ensuring the safety of both personnel and equipment.
Keywords:
Pneumatic Transmission and Control Technology | Pneumatic Control Components
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